AVR-Chat

On Tue, 17 Oct 2006 11:29:21 +0100, you wrote:

>----- Original Message ----- 
>From: "Tim Mitchell" <tim@sabretechnology.co.uk>
>To: <AVR-Chat@yahoogroups.com>
>Sent: Tuesday, October 17, 2006 9:22 AM
>Subject: [AVR-Chat] Mega162 crystal osc problem / CKOPT bit
>
>
>> I'm having an oscillator problem with a Mega162 device ... Dunno if
>> anyone has seen it before and might have some advice.
>> 
>> I've got 4 identical units with Mega162, 16MHz xtal with 15pf
>> capacitors. One of them will not start up on power up (no oscillator)
>> but the others are fine. If I reprogram the chip in the non-working one,
>> it then works fine for the rest of the day, power on and off as much as
>> you like, but the next morning when I come in, it does not work again.
>> 
>> Now I've had this situation before with some units using the Mega8, and
>> it turned out to be because I had not set the CKOPT fuse bit on the
>> Mega8. This changes the mode of the oscillator to give larger
>> oscillations. With CKOPT unprogrammed, they mostly worked but the odd
>> one failed to start on first power up as described above. With CKOPT
>> programmed everything was fine.
>> 
>> Unfortunately the Mega162 does not seem to have a CKOPT bit - any ideas
>> what I can do to the oscillator circuit to make it work reliably?
>
>I'd try using changing the crystal and the capacitors.

A handy tip for checking the health of a xtal osc is to look at each side with a low-capacitance
scope probe (e.g. a x100, or a 10M R in series with a x10 probe). The signal on each side should be
a similar amplitude if the oscillator is happy. If they are signiifcantly different, something is
marginal. 

I've also seen poor startup caused by too much  capacitance between the pins due to bad PCB layout.
A last-ditch fix to startup problems can sometimes be to put a megohm or two across the xtal.