Casio CZ/ VZ/ FZ - Pro Series

i'll admit , i wrote an almost complete program to edit the cz 101 sysex and 
design sounds....it could access all these waves mentioned and do more to 
simplify sound design .... there were a few sounds i made that  had unique 
prperties and i attributed this to the fact the editor was easier to use 
than
the cz at making sounds . but the more i look into this sectrum  the more 
what manduca says is tru ,,,some additional features can be accessed while 
using an external editor.....

good luck ,, i sold my cz 101 last year but do have a cz1 to work with now
 trying soon to write a cz1 editor...
thanks

charlie




----- Original Message ----- 
From: "F.Manduca" <resistenzaaoltranza@...>
To: <CZsynth@yahoogroups.com>
Sent: Thursday, August 29, 2013 8:13 AM
Subject: Re: [CZsynth] Triangular Wave Modulation = Phase Distortion? (Casio 
PCM engine patents)


Hi,I don't know if the thing I am writing now can be related to this post, 
but I read somewhere that there are some hidden features via sysex about 
waveforms and modulation. It should be described here: 
"http://homepage.mac.com/synth_seal/html/cz1.html" , but I can't reach it 
through my Pc. Does the link exist anymore? Did someone saved the page? 
Maybe I have it saved on the several Usb keys I have, or on my spare Hard 
disk. I am going to try and check. I also read there is an I-Pad editor with 
these secret features. According to the page 
"http://www.matrixsynth.com/2012/07/accessing-casio-cz-series-hidden.html" 
"Accessed via the iCZ - iControlMIDI (iTunes) Casio CZ series editor on 
iPad.
Quick tutorial: The Casio CZ series are Phase Distortion synths - Casio's 
version FM synthesis.  With Yamaha FM synthesis there are carrier waveforms 
and modulator waveforms.  The carrier is
what you hear and the modulator modulates.  The DX7 has various
combinations of them modulating each other referred to as algorithms.
On the CZ series, and referenced below, Waves are carriers and "Window
Waves" are modulators.

"We are using a Line 1 + Line 2'
structure, but not using both Lines at the same time. Line 1 DCO Wave 1
is Null (Hidden Wave); Line 1 DCO Wave 2 is Sine Sync and Line 1 Window
Wave is Triangle. Line 2 DCO Wave 1 is Double Sine; Line 2 DCO Wave 2 is
 Off and Line 2 Window Wave is Spike (Hidden Wave).
In the first part, only Line 1 can be heard.
In
 the second part, we are using iControlMIDI increase the DCW1 Level 1 to
 max which makes the Window Modulation sounds like a resonant filter.
In
 the third part and last, we are using iControlMIDI to add Line 2' (so
with Detune) and you can hear the Window Wave Spike effect which almost
sounds like a distortion whereas the Line 2 DCO Wave 1 Double Sine
sounds like a back-end sawtooth.
There is a very short software delay and software chorus.".
All the best!



________________________________
 Da: CYBERYOGI =CO= Windler <cowindler01@...>
A: CZsynth@yahoogroups.com
Inviato: Domenica 25 Agosto 2013 2:36
Oggetto: [CZsynth] Triangular Wave Modulation = Phase Distortion? (Casio PCM 
engine patents)




Triangular wave modulation (US patent 5164530) is an FM-like Casio 
speciality that generates waveforms by modulating a monotonous carrier 
function with a sine (or other) wave and decoding the signal by mirroring it 
at a triangular wave. With the same count of operators (here only 2?) the 
produced waveform has higher harmonics than normal FM because at high 
modulation the wave peaks fold back into the opposite direction. Without 
modulation it outputs a sine wave and so can nicely blend between very dull 
and bright timbres. The carrier waveform stands in ROM and so can be 
switched between a variety of timbres. Like with FM, operators can be 
combined in various ways.

https://www.google.com/patents/US5164530

- Is TM part of the "phase distortion" engine or something else?

I own a CZ-230S and revived a CZ-101 (had severe water and fire damage), but 
I am no PD expert and never heard about TM synthesis before (even websearch 
doesn't help much). Is this used in phase distortion synths (e.g. the later 
VZ-series) or was this only used in the Casio "Pulse Code Modulation" engine 
of preset sound keyboards? Patent 5164530 suggests that Casio at least 
planned to make dedicated TM synthesizers with a PD/FM-like user interface.

I am reworking my technical keyboard descriptions for the WarrantyVoid site. 
So I websearched for 1980th keyboard patents and discovered a lot of 
interesting info.

https://www.google.com/patents/US5319151

This is what I wrote for my SA-series page:
>>>
The sound generation is apparently based on a highly complex softsynth with 
many algorithms those can perform PCM, DPCM, FM and TM (triangular wave 
modulation) synthesis with sophisticated envelopes. These Casio PCM 
algorithms are described in the US patent 5319151. This rather confusing 121 
page tome however is ambiguous because it covers plenty of different 
implementations those e.g. can employ different counts of chip-internal 
sub-CPU cores for sound generation in higher grade instruments. The 
SA-series is surely the cheapest described "First" or "Second Embodiment" 
which has none. The algorithms for this version even describe how shorter 
tasks are stuffed with blank "dummy commands" to keep the timing in sync 
when different sounds would need different computing time. It works indeed 
very VCS2600-like - a marvel of freakish realtime programming made from one 
big loop (plus in "First Embodiment" one timer IRQ to compute waveforms and 
fill the DAC
 output FIFO; the "Second" does even this during dummy commands).

The interpolation method with that Casio smoothly blends between wavetable 
sections is described in the US patent 4442745 "Long duration aperiodic 
musical waveform generator" It plays sections of compacted samples back and 
forward to implement things like long decaying cymbals. US patent 4958552 
explains algorithms how envelope data is extracted from natural instrument 
recordings and applied on loop samples as a approximated segmented 
functions. The original envelope may be removed from the stored loop sample 
by a waveform normalizer (US patent 4691608). Most important is that these 
chained envelopes can have basically any length and have (unlike e.g. ADSR) 
no fixed count of steps. Combined with crossfading between adjacent loop 
samples this permits very flexible sound definition.

The US patent 5319151 "Data processing apparatus outputting waveform data in 
a certain interval" mentions for the "First Embodiment" that the chip size 
is only 5x5mm, a program word has 28 bits (including lower potion of next 
address) and these further hardware specs:

"With regard to the circuit scale and the operation time of the specific 
embodiment (PCM sound source system capable of producing eight polyphonic 
sounds) the control ROM has a size of 112K bits, RAM 445.4K bits and the 
control data/waveform ROM (for 100 timbres) 508K bits; one machine cycle is 
about 276 nanoseconds with a maximum number of cycles of the interrupt 
program when invoked being about 150; and the executing period of the 
interrupting process (tone output sampling period) is about 47 
microseconds."

Expressed in KBytes this would mean 55.7KB RAM, 14KB program ROM and 63.5KB 
sound ROM, which isn't far away from a Commodore C64 with large ROM 
cartridge. Said CPU speed would be about 3.6 MIPS.
<<<

Higher grade MIDI keyboards like MT-240, MT-540 or MT-750 certainly have 
sub-CPU cores for 16 bit sound generation. Their external ROM is 512KB up to 
1MB.

- Does anybody know more about this sound engine?

MAY THE SOFTWARE BE WITH YOU!

*============================================================================*
I                  CYBERYOGI Christian Oliver(=CO=) Windler 
I
I         (teachmaster of LOGOLOGIE - the first cyberage-religion!) 
I
I                                      ! 
I
*=============================ABANDON=THE=BRUTALITY==========================*
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